（一）总起句
The present talk aims to decide…
The purpose of this talk is to answer the question of …
In brief, this talk sets out to solve the problem of …
There are currently three possible solutions to …
（二）分论点
Firstly,…； Secondly,…； Thirdly，…
In addition, …
Furthermore, …
As … is concerned, …
As for …，…
On one hand, …；On the other hand，…
（三）小结句
From the above information, it can be shown that …
Based on the study, it is clear that …
Before we close, let me just summarize the main points.
Shall I just go over the main points?
So, to sum up,…
In conclusion,…
In general, …
On the whole,…
Overall,…
（四）常用连词
1．解释性：来源：考试大
in other words，that/which means，namely，that is to say
2．进一步阐释性：
in particular，especially，notably，chiefly
3．对照、转折性：
but, though, even though, while, whereas
despite, in spite of
yet, however, nevertheless, still, but, even so
all the same，in contrast
4．原因、结果：
lead to, result in, bring about, give rise to, account for, be responsible for, followed by effect
rise, stem from, be attributable to, cause
because, as, since，because of, due to, owing to, on account of, as a result/consequence of
therefore, so, accordingly, consequently, hence, thus, that’s the reason why
（五）常用口头衔接语
Well, it seems to me that …
That’s true, but on the other hand …
I couldn’t have put it better myself.
That’s just what/all I was thinking.
There’s something in that, I suppose.
That’s exactly my opinion.
Well, the point I’m trying to make is that …
Well, what I am trying to say is that …
That’s how I feel.
That’s just how I see it.
（六）常用词汇
1．动词：to clarify, to explain, to interpret, to put sth. another way, to recap on sth.
2．名词：a summary, a decision, a report, an outcome, a write-up, a recommendation.