用 if+were而不用 if+was的情况
1 通常两种形式都可以用,were更适合较正式的英语:
If she was/were offered the job she’d take it.
如果给她提供那份工作,她就会接受。(两者都可用。)
If Tom was/were here he’d know what to do.
如果汤姆在这里,他会知道该怎么办。
2 If I were/was you I would/should…是一种表示劝告的方式,were要比was用得普遍些:
‘If I were you I would wait a bit,’ he said.
他说:“我要是你的话,就再等一会儿。”
were用于带to的不定式结构的情况更为常见:
If Peter were/was to apply for the post he’d get it.
要是彼得申请这个职务,他会得到的。
3 以助动词置于主语前而构成条件句时,则只用were而不用was:
Were I Tom I would refuse.
如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝的。
if 意为since时,was不能由were代替;在 if only和wish之后,were可以由was来代替。
在正式的英语中, if + 主语 + 助动词结构中可以省略if,同时使助动词位于主语前面:
If I were in his shoes…相当于:
Were I in his shoes…
如果我处于他的地位……
If you should require anything… 相当于:
Should you require anything…
你需要什么的话……
If he had known… 相当于:
Had he known…
要是他当时知道的话……