托福语法技巧:if + were以及主语和助动词的倒装

来源:网络发布时间:2008-12-02
 用 if+were而不用 if+was的情况
  1 通常两种形式都可以用,were更适合较正式的英语:
  If she was/were offered the job she’d take it.
  如果给她提供那份工作,她就会接受。(两者都可用。)
  If Tom was/were here he’d know what to do.
  如果汤姆在这里,他会知道该怎么办。
  2 If I were/was you I would/should…是一种表示劝告的方式,were要比was用得普遍些:
  ‘If I were you I would wait a bit,’ he said.
  他说:“我要是你的话,就再等一会儿。”
  were用于带to的不定式结构的情况更为常见:
  If Peter were/was to apply for the post he’d get it.
  要是彼得申请这个职务,他会得到的。
  3 以助动词置于主语前而构成条件句时,则只用were而不用was:
  Were I Tom I would refuse.
  如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝的。
  if 意为since时,was不能由were代替;在 if only和wish之后,were可以由was来代替。
  在正式的英语中, if + 主语 + 助动词结构中可以省略if,同时使助动词位于主语前面:
  If I were in his shoes…相当于:
  Were I in his shoes…
  如果我处于他的地位……
  If you should require anything… 相当于:
  Should you require anything…
  你需要什么的话……
  If he had known… 相当于:
  Had he known…
  要是他当时知道的话……