第二节 比较级
英文中形容词在进行比较时需变为比较级，主要有两种形式：
在词尾加-er (单音节形容词)，如：fast-faster, large-larger, busy-busier, big-bigger等；
或在词前加more (多音节形容词)，如：more useful, more complex等
少数词比较级形式特殊，如：good(well)-better, bad(ill)-worse, many(much)-more, little-less, far-farther(更远的)/further(更进一步的)，
考点一 含有标志词than
1．最常见的比较级句式是由连词than引导比较的对象，
如：It takes less time to go there by air than by train.
She possesses more books than I do.
He is more intelligent than I expected.
than可视为比较级的标志词，在填空题中，
空后含有than的， 通常空格处需要填比较级，
空格前含有比较级的，通常空格处需要填than引导的从句。
例题：
(1)
Maine has ---- weather than most of the other states in the continental United States.
(A) coolest
(B) the coolest
(C) cooler
(D) the cooler
答案：A
解释：标志词than意味着应用比较级，A, B可先排除；D多the; 只有A正确
(2)
Pennsylvania has the most institutions of higher learning than any other state has.
应改为：more
解释：标志词than表明此句应用比较级，而不是最高级
2．为避免重复，than之后的从句中有些成分可以省略，只把相比的部分突出出来:
情况1: 用指示代词that, those来代替省略的部分,
如：The population of China is much larger than that of Great Britain.
(that 指代the population)
His designs won more acclaim than those of his fellow colleagues.
(those 指代 designs)
情况2: 在省略的过程中，若than之后从句的谓语部分相同, 比较的是主语部分, 那么谓语部分通常用助动词do来代替, 并且习惯上将从句主语和助动词倒装 (do + 主语)
如：The actors usually capture greater attention than do the playwrights who may
probably contribute more to the success of a play.
例题：
Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain ---- other animals.
(A) than do
(B) that are having
(C) which have
(D) that do
答案：A
解释：空格前出现了形容词比较级，空格后是比较对象，应由than连接，选项中只有A符合条件，其中由助动词do引起了一个小倒装