牛津教程——初级教程（一）

Lesson 1 Describing things with adjectives

We use adjectives to describe someone or something. We can put an adjective before a noun or after a linking verb. For example, we can say 'She has black hair.' This sentence means 'Her hair is black.' When we say 'Daniel is a cheerful boy,' we mean 'A boy called Daniel is cheerful.'

Comparatives and superlatives

We use comparatives to compare two people or things. We usually add '-er' to short adjectives and use 'more' for long adjectives. Then we add 'than' after the comparatives. e.g. Sandy's hair is longer than my (hair). My book is more intertesting than his book. We use superlatives to compare three or more people/things. We usually add '-est' to short adjectives and use 'most' for long adjectives. Then we add 'the' before the superlatives. e.g. He is the tallest boy in my class. This is the most expensive computer in the shop.

How to form comparatives and superlatives with adjectives?

Generally speaking, there are six ways of forming comparatives and superlatives. Please look at the table below.

1, We add 'er/est' to the end of most short adjectives.
e.g. tall-taller-tallest clever-cleverer-cleverest
2, For short adjectives ending in 'e', just add 'r/st'.
e.g. nice-nicer-nicest close-closer-closest
3, How about adjectives ending in 'a consonant + y'? Well, we must first remove 'y', then add 'ier/iest'.
e.g. pretty-prettier-prettiest tidy-tidier-tidiest
4, When we meet an adjective ending in 'a vowel + a consonant', we must double the consonant, then add 'er/est'. Here 'short adjectives' means 'an adjective which has only 3 or 4 letters'.
e.g. slim-slimmer-slimmest sad-sadder-saddest
5, For long adjectives, we usually put a 'more/most' before the word.
e.g. beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful important-more important-most important
6, However, there are several special adjectives like 'good', 'bad', 'many/much', 'little', etc. We have to replace the word by a new word.
e.g. bad-worse-worst little-less-least

Remember, we put 'than' after the comparatives and 'the' before the superlatives.

Vocabulary

describe 描述
adjectives 形容词
linking verb 联系动词
sentence 句子
cheerful 欢乐的
comparative 比较级
superlative 最高级
compare 比较
form 组成
vowel 元音
consonant 辅音
replace 代替

Exercise 1
Try to form some complete sentences with the words below.
1, tall/John/is/very
2, glasses/wear/I/round
3, big/a/nose/Uncle Sam/has
4, my brother/handsome/boy/a/is/
5, dress/is/beautiful/Kitty's

Exercise 2
Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of adjectives.
1, Li Ping is ______(short) boy of us all.
2, Amy's drawing is ______(beautiful) than Simon's.
3, My English is ______(good) than yours, but Peter's English is ______(good) in our class.
4, Shanghai is one of ______(big) cities in China.
5, Who is ______(slim), Betty or Lucy?
6, I think the airplane is ______(modern) transport system in the world. 以上教程内容为网络英语站mr.bob原创 未经许可，不得转载