职称英语基础:英语单词记忆方法和单词英语音标

来源:微学外语考试频道发布时间:2008-08-18

 英语单词拼读
  reply  (v.) 回答,答复
  The teacher asked us a question, but no one replied.
  evil  (a.) 邪恶的,恶魔的
  The bad guy in the movie did really evil things.
  spirit (n.) 幽灵,亡灵
  Do you believe in spirits?
  gather  (v.) 聚集,集合
  Help me gather everyone for dinner.
  healthy (a.) 有益健康的
  paint  (n.) 油漆 /e/-/ei/
  The color of the paint on the wall is red.
  propose (v.) 提议,求婚 /o/--/ou/
  How did your husband propose to you?
  violin  (n.) 小提琴
  lamp  (n.) 灯
  The room was dark so I turned on the lamp.
  bride  (n.) 新娘
  The bride started crying during her wedding.
  amazing  (a.) 令人惊讶的 /e/--/ei/
  You got full marks on your English test? That's amazing!
  properly (adv.) 恰当地
  wonderful  (a.) 极好的
  exam  (n.) 考试
  Philip is studying for his English exam.
  modern  (a.) 新潮的,摩登的
  copy  (v.) 抄写,抄袭
  Jack got in trouble because he copied my test.
  report  (n.) 报告
  promise  (v.) 答应,承诺
  I promise I will meet you after work.
  tradition  (n.) 传统,习俗
  rule  (n.) 规则,规定
  protect  (v.) 保护
  He put on sunscreen to protect himself from the sun.
  steal  v) 偷窃
  He stole money from the bank.

pretend  (v.) 假装
  He pretended to be a policeman but really he wasn't.
  fault  (n.) 过错,责任
  I took the money from your wallet. It's my fault.
  ocean  (n.) 海洋
  Many people in California like to swim in the ocean.
  drown  (v.) 溺水
  mad  (a.)【口语】恼火的
  lie  (v.) 欺骗,撒谎
  I never lie. I always tell the truth.
  free  (a.) 闲置的 /i/--/i:/
  Are the seats at this table free?
  interested  (a.) 对…感兴趣的, 有趣味的
  Are you interested in having dinner with me?
  thunder  (n.) 雷,雷声
  exit  (n.) 出口,太平门
  If there is a fire, leave the building through the nearest exit.
  apartment  (n.)(一户)公寓房间 /ar/--/a:/
  There are ten apartments in my building.
  hand  (v.) 给,传递
  Can you hand me the salt, please?
  storm  (n.) 暴风雨,风暴 /or/--/o: /
  The plane couldn't take off because of the storm.
  typhoon  (n.) 台风
  There are typhoons in Taiwan every summer.
  bookstore  (n.) 书店 /or/--/o:/
  He went to the bookstore to buy a new novel.
  upstairs  (adv.) 在(往)楼上
  I'm tired so I'm going upstairs to go to sleep.
  block  (n.) 街区
  My house is only four blocks from here. Why don't we walk?
  memory  (n.) 记性,记忆
  accident  (n.) 意外
  tasty  (a.) 美味的
  Thanks for making me such a tasty lunch!
  wine  (n.) 葡萄酒
  Susan had a glass of white wine with her dinner.
  menu  (n.) 菜单
  The prices of the food were not on the menu.
  luggage  (n.) 行李
  suffer  (v.) 受苦
  I'm suffering from a bad cold.
  medicine  (n.) 药
  My father takes medicine because he has a heart problem.
  stranger  (n.) 陌生人
  I feel nervous talking to strangers.
  message  (n.) 讯息
  I got a message from Tom, but I didn't get one from you.
  chat  (v.) 在线聊天;闲聊
  When you get a computer, we can chat online.
  grocery  (n.) 食品、日常杂货
  public  (a.) 公共的
  She borrowed some books from the public library.
  fly  (v.) 搭机航行
  I'm going to fly to Hong Kong on Thursday.
  airport  (n.) 机场
  We drove to the airport to catch our flight.
  shoot  (v.) 拍摄
  Did you shoot a lot of pictures on your vacation?
  decision  (n.) 决定
  They made a decision to go on a vacation.
  address  (n.) 地址
  corner  (n.) 转角处
  Turn right at that corner and go to the end of the street.
  clearly  (adv.) 清楚地
  musician  (n.) 乐手,音乐家

英语单词记忆法
  1. 借助单词读音记忆法;
  例如:
  reply  (v.) 回答,答复
  evil  (a.) 邪恶的,恶魔的
  spirit  (n.) 幽灵,亡灵
   --- reply (e在闭音节中通常发/i/, /i/---e;y在开音节中通常发./ai/);
   --evil(e在evil中也发/i/, i 在evil中没有发音);
   --spirit(i 在闭音节中的发音通常是/i/);
  (补充:单词音节通常对应的发音)
  2. 借助单词构词法记忆单词;
  一部份英语单词的拼写和其对应的词义应该理解成是“约定俗成”的关系,需要考生进行强行记忆,例如:
  water:水
  work:工作
  sky:天空
  boy:男孩
  girl:女孩
  doctor:医生
  单词构成法帮助寻找一些单词之间的相互关系,并对单词形成理性地记忆,例如:
  beauty(美丽) --- beautiful(美丽的)(beauty是名词,根据形容词的构词原则,把y变成 i再加上ful 构成其对应的形容词beautiful )
  例如:
  aside, aboard(put/leave.. aside(把。。放在一边/部考虑。。); aside from..(除了);get aboard(上车/船/飞机))
  “a-”(在,到)+ Side(边/侧面)= aside(在旁边/到。。的一边);
  “a-”(在,到)+ board(板)= aboard(在(到)船上/飞机上/车上);
  合成法构成的单词举例:
  workday = work (工作)+day(日子) -- workday(工作日);
  workforce = work (工作)+ force(力量) --- workforce(工作力 ?全体工作者)
  提示:在根据构词法推测出的单词含义牵强,费解的情况下,要借助字典准确地弄清楚单词的含义。
  3.联想记忆法:
  例如:
  man(男人)-- woman(女人)(联想:妇女除了上班以外,还得做家务事,所以妇女要做的工作比男人做得工作多, 因此需要在man的前面在加上wo (rk);
  例如:
  adapt (使适应,改编)/adopt(采用,收养)(这两个单词的拼写差别在第3个字母上,adapt的第3个字母是a; adopt的第3个字母是o。 联想:要“适应”一个新的环境,需要从头做起, a这个排列在字母列表中的第一个字母就是“头”, 意味着“开始”,所以“使适应,改编”所对应的单词拼写应该是adapt; 剩下的adopt就是“采用,收养”)。

职称英语核心词汇推荐(30单词):
  abandon v. 抛弃;
  ability n. 能力;本领; (pl.) 才能;(the ability of doing sth./the ability to do sth./做…的能力 )
  able adj. 能…的;有能力的(be able to do sth./能够…., 得以….);
  abnormal adj. 不正常的,反常的;
  about prep. 在…附近;在…周围;关于adv. 附近, 周围,到处;
  above prep. 在…之上;超过adv. 在上面;向上adj. 上面的;上述的;
  abroad adv. 到国外;在国外(at home and aboard/在国内外; get aboard/上船/车/飞机);
  absent adj. 缺席的;;心不在焉的;缺乏的(be absent from../缺席….)) ;
  absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的;确实的;
  absorb v. 吸收(液体);吸取(知识);承担;使专心;使全神贯注(be absorbed in../)全神贯注于….) ;
  abstract adj.抽象的;
  abundant adj. 丰富的, 充足的(be abundant in../在….方面丰富);
  academic adj. 学术的,理论的
  accelerate v. 加速; 催促, 促进;
  accept v.接受;承认;
  access n. 进入;通道;使用; 接近(have [gain, get, obtain] access to/得接近; 得会见; 得进入; 得使用);
  accident n. 意外; 偶然事故 (by accident/偶然地);
  accomplish v. 完成;实现;
  according to按照; 根据...所说; 随...而;
  account n. 报导; (书面或口头)报告;账目;原因;理由 v. 说明(理由等)(on account of../因为….);take…into account/考虑到….), 顾及….)) ;
  accumulate v. 积累, 存储, 蓄积(财产等), 堆积;
  accurate adj.准确的;精确的;
  accuse v. 控告;指控(accuse sb. of/指控某人。。犯了罪 );
  accustom v. (与to连用)使习惯于…(get/be/become/accustomed to ../习惯了….));
  ache n. 疼痛 v. 疼痛;
  achieve v. 完成(功绩等), 实现(目标, 目的等);
  achievement n.完成;达成 ;成绩;成功;
  acknowledge v. 承认;认为;对…表示感谢 ;
  acquire v. 学得(知识等), 养成(习惯等);
  across prep. 在对面,在另一边在或从…的另一边, 穿过;越过, 碰上,接触(across the street/街的对面; a bridge across a river/横跨河两岸的桥;come across sb./遇上某人; put one's idea across/传达某人的意见; get a message across/了解一信息)
  词汇例题:
  (2002年B级词汇题)The child’s abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor.
  A. funny B. frightening C. repeated D. unusual
  D. 分析:
  abnormal = ab+ normal (正常的, 普通的)
  unusual (非同寻常的)= un + usual (通常的, 普通的)
  normal和usual是近义词, 而且构词方式相似,如果把D这个选项替换成划线词, 这样搭配结构含义是:“奇怪的举止”, 这个搭配含义通顺,所以判断答案是D。
  小结:解题思路:单词构成结构的分析和搭配结构的含义。
  (2003年综合C级完型题)
  The great newspaper war
  Up until about 100 years ago, newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most serious readers. They used no illustrations and the articles were __51__ politics or business.
  51. A. about B. in C. with D. of
  A. 分析:介词是一种依附性的词汇,常常出现的固定的搭配结构中,所以注意空格两端的搭配:空格前面说“文章是”, 空格后面是“政治或商业”, 因此“关于”这个含义放在空格中恰当, A和D是可能的选项, 因为空格所在的结构是放在be动词的后面充当表语, 在A和D这两个选项中能这样使用的只有A.
  Of 在表示“充当”这个含义的时候,往往是以介词短语的形式直接跟在名词的后面作这个名词的定语。如: a picture of him; a history of Russia; a story of war and bravery;
  小结:介词是词汇和完型题中常考察的词类,当被选项中出现介词时,要注意借助空格所在的搭配结构判断答案范围。同时在复习中要注意具有详尽含义的介词在具体使用上的差异。