职称考试中的阅读理解部分题型相对稳定,只要熟悉它们的出题方法与做法,并进行有针对性的训练,就能大幅度提高成绩。常见的题型主要有:
一、主旨题
这类问题主要测试考生把握主题与中心思想的能力。主要形式有:
1. The main idea of this passage is ________.
2. The passage mainly discusses ________.
3. What is the passage primarily concerned about?
4. What is the main topic of this passage?
除了上述直接形式外,还有隐蔽型主旨题:
Which of the following is the author's advice to the reader?
标题是主旨题的变体。主要形式有:
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
2. The best title for this passage might be ________.
作者的态度、写作目的与主题和中心思想关系密切,可以看做主旨题的延伸。主要形式有:
问写作目的:
1. The author writes this passage mainly to ________.
2. The author's purpose in writing this passage is ________.
问态度:
1. The author's attitude towards ... is ________.
2. The tone of this passage can be described as ________.
此外,对于文章内容、风格与读者对象的评判也可归入此类题型。如:
1. The passage appears to be (is most likely) a part of ________.
2. Where would this passage most probably be found?
二、细节题
这类问题测试考生把握文章细节的能力,主要与文中的考点相联系,如:最高级、惟一性、其他对比、数字年代、原因等。主要形式有:
(-)是非题(三正一误或三误一正)
1. Which of the following is TRUE?
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
3. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in Paragraph ×?
(二)例证题
The author gives an example in Paragraph × mainly to show that ________.
(三)其他具体题,如问原因的
1) Which of the following may lead to (cause) ________.
2) The main reason for ... is ________.
三、词义题
这类问题主要测试考生使用词语搭配和根据上下文判断词义的能力。主要形式有:
1. The word "..." in Line (Paragraph) × most probably means ________.
2. In Paragraph × , the word "..." refers to (stands for) ________.
3. The word "..." in Paragraph × can be best replaced by ________.
指代题["It" ("They") in Line × most probably refers to ________.] 和句子意思题 (Which of the following statements is closest is meaning to the sentence "..." in Paragraph ×?) 也可以归入此类。
四、推理题
这类问题主要测试考生能否在理解字面意义的基础上,根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理,进而理解文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
主要形式有:
1. It is implied in the passage that ________.
2. The passage implies (suggests) that ________.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
4. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
5. From the passage we can infer (draw the conclusion) that ________.