如何解决Linux操作系统找不到网卡的问题

来源:微学计算机考试发布时间:2008-06-18
1. 安装网卡

  机器太新,以至于现有的Linux版本无法认出,比如机器找不到网卡,这时候怎么办呢?

  别急,首先你需要知道网卡是什么型号的,以本实验室新购入的电脑为例,它的网卡是集成的,型号是Realtek RTL8168/8111 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC.然后我们到Realtek的官方网站去下载相应的Linux驱动程序r8168-8.005.00.tar.bz2,按照说明安装。

  Unpack the tarball :

  # tar vjxf r8168-8.aaa.bb.tar.bz2

  Change to the directory:

  # cd r8168-8.aaa.bb

  If you are running the target kernel, then you should be able to do :

  # make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

  # make install

  # /sbin/depmod -a

  # /sbin/insmod ./src/r8168.ko (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)

  You can check whether the driver is loaded by using following commands.

  # /sbin/lsmod | grep r8168(看看有没有加载网卡驱动)

  # /sbin/ifconfig –a(看看有没有相关网卡被启动的信息)

  If there is a device name, ethX, shown on the monitor, the linux

  driver is loaded. Then, you can use the following command to activate

  the ethX.

  # ifconfig ethX up

  ,where X=0,1,2,……

  这里也可以通过系统→管理→网络来设置IP地址等,最后激活。

  1. Set manually

  a. Set the IP address of your machine.

  # ifconfig ethX "the IP address of your machine"

  b. Set the IP address of DNS.

  Insert the following configuration in /etc/resolv.conf.

  nameserver "the IP address of DNS"

  c. Set the IP address of gateway.

  # route add default gw "the IP address of gateway"

2. Set by doing configurations in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

  /ifcfg-ethX for Redhat and Fedora, or /etc/sysconfig/network

  /ifcfg-ethX for SuSE. There are two examples to set network

  configurations.

  a. Fix IP address:

  DEVICE=eth0

  BOOTPROTO=static

  ONBOOT=yes

  TYPE=ethernet

  NETMASK=255.255.255.0

  IPADDR=192.168.1.1

  GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

  BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

  2. 修改:#vi /etc/hosts,在该文本中,增加两行:

  127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

  192.168.4.101 node3(根据机器本身情况设置)

  修改:vi /etc/hosts.equiv,增加一行:(如果没有该文本,可建立一个)

  node3

  3. 启动ssh服务

  大部分的Linux版本应该都会自带该程序

  #ssh-keygen

  #cd .ssh

  #cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

  #ssh node3(如果成功,会显示上次登陆的时间, node3是主机名)

  附加信息:

  ifup eth0看看能否启动eth0

  lsmod看看有没有加载网卡驱动

  dmesg看看有没有网卡启动时的错误信息