模拟训练(4)
When some 19th New Yorkers said “Harlem”, they meant almost
all of Manhattan above 86th Street. Toward the end of the century,
however, a group of citizens in upper Manhtattan want, perhaps, to ___1___
shape a closer and more precise sense of community designated a
section that they wished to have known as Harlem. The choosen area
was the Harlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the ___2___
new century as they left their old settlements on the middle and lower
blocks of the West Side.
As the community became predominantly Black, the very word
“Harlem” seemed to lose its old mean. At times it was easy to forget ___3___
that “Harlem” was originally the Dutch name “Harlem”, the ___4___
community it described had been found by people from Holland,
and that for most of its three centuries ---- it was first settled in the
sixteen hundreds ---- it had been preoccupied by White New Yorkers. ___5___
“ Harlem” became synonymous to Black life and Black stytle in ___6___
Manhattan. Blacks living there used the word as though they had
coined it on themselves --- not only to designate their area of residence ___7___
but to express their sense of the various qualities of its life and
atmosphere. As years passed, “Harlem” assumed an even large ___8___
meaning. In the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr, the pastor of the
Abyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “ became the symbol of the liberty
and the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere.
By 1919, Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand. It
had received its share of wartime migration form the South, the
Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of the new arrivals
merely lived in Harlem; it was New York they come to, looking ___9___
for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunities of life in the city.
To others who migrated to Harlem, New York was merely the city
in which they found themselves: Harlem was exactly what they ___10___
wished to be.
答案及解析:
1. want -> wanting
本句的谓语是designated，want….community应该是修饰citizens的定语，因此需要将动词want变成分词形式，且为主动关系，故将want改为wanting。
2. which -> where或which前加to
which引导的是修饰Harlem的定语从句，从句中moved（搬家）是不及物动词，所以要在which前面加上介词to，或者将which改为where。
3. mean -> meaning
mean作名词时意为“平均数，中间，中庸”，不符合题意；而meaning意为“意义，含义”，lose its old meaning意为“失去了昔日的意义”，符合题意。
4. 第二个the前加that
本句中forget后面引导的是三个并列的宾语从句。在一个词引导两个或多个宾语从句时，第一句宾语从句的that可省可不省，但第二句或从第二句以后的that都不可以省略。
5. preoccupied -> occupied
这里的 hundreds没有错，in the sixteen hundreds 相当于in the 1600s。preoccupy意为“使全神贯注，使入神”， be preoccupied with意为“忙于做某事”，不符合题意；而occupy意为“居住，占用”，符合题意。
6. to -> with
be synonymous with意为“与…等同，与…意义相同”。
7. on -> by
by themselves表示“他们自己”，本句中的coin“杜撰（单词）”，结合句意可知，应该将on改为by。
8. large -> larger
even修饰的形容词要用比较级。
9. they前加that
这里是it is …that…的强调句型，该句型中的that不可以省略。
10. what -> where
如果用what，则最后一句的意思就成了“哈莱姆区正是他们希望成为的地方了”，不符合题意。正确的意思应该是“哈莱姆区正是他们希望居住的地方”，所以应该将what改为where。