四级新题型应对:昂立名师指导“改错”

来源:昂立教育发布时间:2006-11-11

    四级新题型考试应试系列――改错(Error Correction)

    1. 简介

    在四级新题型考试中,改错题是作为完形填空题的置换题出现的,在实考试卷中只能是二者取其一。所以它在考试中所占分值比例与完形填空一样,也是10%。改错题通常选用一篇200词左右的短文,其中有10个语法结构和用词方面的错误,分布在除首句外的10行中。这些错误可能是因为用错了一个词或词形变化造成的,也可能是因为多用一个词或少用一个词造成的。用错的词可能是意义或形式容易混淆的词,可能是意义相反的词,也可能是造成语法错误或搭配错误的词;词形变化错误可能是词性、时态、语态、性、数、格等语法方面的错误。有的错误在同一短语或句子中一眼就能辨别,有的错误则必须在充分理解上下文的基础上才能识别。考生在答题前一定要认真阅读并理解全文,答题时,要参阅和琢磨上下文。

    2. 题型分析

    改错也是一项综合测试题型。虽然形式不同,但其测试重点与完形填空所覆盖的测试内容大致相同。在解答改错题时,应主要从以下几个方面进行观察和判断:

    固定搭配――考查动词词组、介词词组、形容词词组、动宾词组等固定搭配的用法;

    语法句法――考查单复数、虚拟语态、从句等语法现象;

    语义逻辑――考查上下文的语义关系,常利用反义词来混淆视听;

    关系连词――考查句子内部或句群之间的逻辑关系,例如因果关系、转折关系、递进或并列关系、总分关系等;

    指代关系――考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词与被指代的名词的对应关系;

    词汇用法――与完形填空相比较而言,改错部分考查的对象除名词、动词、形容词和副词等实义词的用法外,也经常考查一些功能词的用法,如介词、连词等。

    3. 解题技巧

    1) 首先,通读全文,把握文章全貌,抓住文章主旨大意;

    2) 然后,根据上述5类改错题中常见的出题点,按图索骥,对号入座。注意一时拿捏不准的题目可先跳过;

    3) 最后,再通读一遍全文,做好扫尾工作,解决难题,复查做好的题。

    4. 实战演练

    下面,以一份六级试卷中的改错题为例,介绍一下改错题型的解题步骤与方法。 
    例:


       Technology is another great force for change. In part,

 

 

technology has caused the population explosion; many of us

 

 

won’t now be alive if it weren’t for advances in health,

 

1. __________

agriculture and industry. But in part, technology helps resolve

 

 

the population problem, either. It’s a never ending cycle. The

 

2. __________

need for more food discourages development of better

 

3. __________

technology which naturally keeps more people alive. And

 

 

there are no going back to a simple, less technologically

 

4. __________

complex time. We’re born. We’re here. We’re hungry.

 

 

       While technology makes this possible for four or even six

 

5. __________

billion of us to exist, it also eliminates our job opportunities. In

 

 

theory, it is impossible that all the goods and services the

 

6. __________

world needs could be produced by only 2 percent of the

 

 

population. This tendency of technology to make workers

 

 

superfluous (过剩的) but at same time allowing their numbers

 

7. __________

to grow up so large is creating psychological tensions.

 

8. __________

Traditionally, work determines our way of life. But if 98

 

 

percent of us doesn’t need to work, what are we going to

 

9. __________

do with oneself? Something more than work must be found to

 

10. __________

determine both income and meaning in life—otherwise 98

 

 

percent of us could be both hungry and frustrated (沮丧的).

 

 

  
        通过下表,可以很清楚地看到各题的考点:
 
   

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