三级笔译综合能力题解

　　CATTI三级笔译分为综合能力和笔译实务两大部分。综合能力考的是语法、阅读，笔译实务考的是翻译。今天我们先来看一下04年5月的CATTI三级笔译真题的综合能力部分：
　　   题型综述
　　综合能力的考试分三大块：词汇与语法、阅读理解、完形填空
　　词汇与语法
　　根据今年新考纲规定，这部分共60题，总分60分。分为词汇选择（Vocabulary Selection）、词语替换（Vocabulary Replacement）和改错（Error Correction）三部分。
　　我们先来看看04年5月的词汇选择部分真题——小编总的感觉是词汇选择这部分不难，考的都是很基础的语法知识和词汇点：
　　Grover Cleveland was the first president ____ in the Whitehouse.
　　A got married   B to get married  C has got married  D was married
　　正确答案是B，这属于语法题。
　　When it started to snow, we turned round and ___ the hotel.
　　A got by  B searched for  C made for  D cleared up
　　正确答案C，本题考查词组的运用。
　　Rice is the ____ food of most Southeast Asians.
　　A common  B general  C staple  D popular
　　正确答案C，本题考查词汇的掌握。
　　____ into oceans and rivers is a serious form of pollution.
　　A Pouring sewage  B Emptying litter  C Throwing garbage  D Dumping sewage
　　正确答案D，本题综合考查句子搭配和语意。pour的固定搭配是pour away；dump sewage意为“倾倒污水”，最符合这里的语意。
　　The most important ____ of the farmers in Iraq is dates, of which Iraq is the world's leading exporter.
　　A economic crop  B cash crop  C money crop  D staple
　　正确答案B，考查固定说法。“经济作物”的固定表达是cash crop。
　　
　　看了五道词汇语法部分的真题后，是不是觉得三级也不是很难呢？下面我们来看看词汇替换和改错的真题：
　　词汇替换是要从给出的四个选项中选出能代替句中划线部分的词或句子成分，而且在语法和语意上不得有变：
　　真题：Double Eagle II, the first trans-Atlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.
　　A eager  B surging  C appreciative  D vigorous
　　正确答案A，这里表达的意思是“激动的，急切的”。
　　改错是给出句子中有错误的地方，从四个选项中选出正确的替换内容：
　　真题：The professor is quite difficult pleased.
　　A to please  B to be pleased  C for pleasing  D pleasing
　　正确答案为A
　　综上：三级的词汇和语法部分不难，这个只要大家基本功学扎实了，拿分不成问题。

　阅读理解
　　根据今年新考纲规定，三级笔译的阅读部分共30道选择题，总分30分。虽然题目比较多，但是每部分的阅读内容，不像高口那样都是长篇大论，一般是两三段的文章，也有才一两段的，例如04年5月的第三篇阅读：
　　The blue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particles suspended in the water. Blue light, being of short wavelength, is scattered more efficiently than light of longer wavelengths. Although waters of the open ocean are commonly some shade of blue, green water is commonly seen near coasts, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. This is caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are one source of the yellow pigment. Other microscopic plants may color the water brown or brownish-red. Near the shore, silt or sediment in suspension can give water a brownish hue. Outflow of large rivers can often be observed many miles offshore by the coloration of suspended soil particles. 　　Marine phytoplankton (Greek for “plant wanderers”) are microscopic single-celled plants that include diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, green algae, and blue-green algae, among others. The growth of these organisms, which photosynthesize light, depends on a delicate balance of nutrient enrichment via vertical mixing, which is often limited by the availability of nitrogen and light. Diatoms are one-celled plants with patterned glass coverings. Each glass, or silicon dioxide box, is ornamented with species-specific designs, pits, and perforations making them popular with microscopists and, more recently, electron scanning microscopists.
　　只有两段内容。后面有6道选择题，我们看一下前两道：
　　63. Green water near coastlines is almost always caused by
　　A. sand color   B. red pigments in coastal waters  C. blue pigment   D. reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life
　　64. Phytoplankton are the source of which color pigment?
　　A. Red.   B. Green.  C. Yellow.   D. Blue.
　　仍然是考查对篇章的理解和找出信息点。三级笔译的阅读题每篇的字数都在150-450之间，篇幅短小，然而题材广泛，以04年5月的真题为例，阅读部分八篇文章的主题分别是：
　　quantum theory，origin of baseball，ocean plant，diet standard in America，about pearl（仅一段），stress（仅一段），mental disorder（仅一段），aspirin
　　出题主要以细节题、是非题、主旨题、推断题为主。解题方法这里无需赘言，和四六级中高口什么的始终是一脉相承，追根溯源还是要注意平时扩大阅读面、加大阅读量、训练阅读速度。
　　 
　　
　　完形填空 （Cloze Test）
　　根据今年新考纲规定，完形填空部分共二十个空，总分10分。这里的完形填空不同于大家平时熟悉的那种给出选项的完形填空，三级笔译的完形填空是需要自己填空缺的单词的，来看下04年5月真题的节选：
　　Does a born and bred bilingual _____make_____(8) a better translator than someone who learned language B later in ______life____(9)? There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important. ______First____(10), a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing ______any____(11) language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what _____is_____(12) known as a lingualism, a state in which a person lacks _____a____(13) full, fluent command of any language.
　　这里，第8空考查的是语法；第9空考查固定搭配和上下文理解：later in life是固定说法；第10空非常简单，一看就推断得出来；11空考查的同样是对语意的理解；后面两空也非常简单，属于基础语法范畴。
　　没有选项的完形填空，难点就在对文章大意的把握，所这里需要考生通读全文，抓住重要信息点，找主旨句，并保证自己填进去的内容在语法和逻辑上都说得通。