2012年职称英语《综合类B级》补全短文训练题(6)
Science and Technology
There is a difference between science and technology. (46) Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. (47)
Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. (48) But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic (超音速的) aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. (49) The purpose of technology is to serve people —— people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.
(50) Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion (枯竭) and even social decay in general - so much so that the promise of technology is "obscured". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?
A Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.
B Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.
C What scientists discover may shock or anger people w as did Darwin's theory of evolution.
D Science and technology are different
E We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.
F Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.
答案
46. F 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. E
解析：
46. F 第一句总述了科学和技术是有差别的。这句是中心句，那么整段话都应该围绕科学和技术的差别来讲。并且第三句话很长，中间用了一个分号隔开，前半部分是Science，后半部分是Technology，其实第三句就是详细说了科学和技术的内容及手段。所以空白处应该是科学和技术的简单定义最合适。所以答案选择F。
47. A 因为要填的句子是段落的最后一句，所以应该考虑是不是承上启下的关系，我们看第二段的第一句Progress in science excludes the human factor.这里出现了progress一词，所以这是科学和技术的另一个区别。由选项A引出。
48. C 第二段针对第一段最后一句，阐述了在人们对待科学和技术的发展上的不同。科学是排除认为因素的，科学家的发现可能会使人们吃惊或发怒，但即使是令人不快的真理也极可能很有用。
49. B 缺空前文都是对科学的说明，下文接着讲技术。此处 Unlike 一转，指出技术是用人为因素来衡量的。
50. E 本段在讲技术发展给生活带来的负面影响。因此看选项得知应选 E：我们所熟知的是对技术的不当利用。